The Intertwined Renewable Energy–Water–Environment (REWE) Nexus Challenges and Opportunities: A Case Study of California

In our built environment, societal production of energy and clean water is inextricably linked to the natural resources from which they are derived. Acknowledgement consideration coupling energy, water, environment (the energy–water–environment nexus) will be critical a sustainable future. This particularly true as we transition away historical sources (e.g., coal, petroleum, gas) into widespread adaptation renewable (RE) solar, wind, geothermal, hydro, bioenergy) strategy decrease greenhouse gas emissions consequently slow global climate change. fraught with both challenges opportunities at county, state, national, international levels, addressing future needs respect requires recognition their interdependence development new technologies practices. this study, focus on RE–water–environment (REWE) nexus. California, REWE nexus becoming increasingly important in achieving 100% electricity eligible RE zero-carbon by 2045 face change population economic growth. context, California’s deployment electrical generation, its legislative information, nexus, intertwined California administrative–legal, technology development, digitalization, end-of-life waste) comprehensively discussed identify knowledge gaps solutions.